Latihan core stability sebagai intervensi menurunkan nyeri pada pasien non-specific low back pain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31101/jitu.4684Abstract views 125 times
Keywords:
core stability exercise, nyeri punggung bawah non-sepesifik, visual analog scaleAbstract
Non-Specific Low Back Pain (NSLBP) adalah gangguan pada sistem muskuloskeletal yang sering dialami secara global dan menjadi salah satu penyebab utama keterbatasan aktivitas serta penurunan kualitas hidup. Kondisi ini sering berkaitan dengan gangguan aktivitas otot inti terutama otot transversus abdominis dan multifidus, yang berperan dalam menjaga stabilitas tulang belakang. Disfungsi pada otot-otot tersebut dapat memicu instabilitas segmen vertebra serta terjadinya nyeri kronis. Core Stability Exercise (CSE) kemudian dikembangkan sebagai pendekatan konservatif yang bertujuan meningkatkan kontrol neuromuskular serta mengurangi intensitas nyeri pada penderi NSLBP. Tinjauan sistematis bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas CSE dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri pada pasien dewasa dengan NSLBP menggunakan Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PEDro, dan Google Scholar untuk publikasi tahun 2016–2026. Kriteria inklusi mencakup uji klinis acak (RCT) yang menilai efek CSE terhadap skor VAS pada pasien NSLBP. Sebanyak sebelas studi memenuhi kriteria. CSE secara signifikan menurunkan skor VAS sebesar 2–5 poin dan meningkatkan stabilitas lumbopelvik, propriosepsi, serta fungsi tubuh dibandingkan latihan konvensional. CSE merupakan intervensi non-farmakologis yang aman, efektif, dan berbasis bukti untuk mengurangi nyeri serta meningkatkan fungsi neuromuskular pada NSLBP. Latihan teratur selama 4–12 minggu, 3–5 kali per minggu, direkomendasikan. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk standarisasi protokol dan evaluasi efek jangka panjang.
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