Maternal-fetal attachment during pregnancy at the Public Health Center

Endang Koni Suryaningsih; Nastiti Aryudaningrum; Nguyen Dieu Linh

doi:10.31101/ijhst.v6i1.3720

Authors

Endang Koni Suryaningsih Universitas 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Nastiti Aryudaningrum Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
Nguyen Dieu Linh Hanoi Medical University, Viet Nam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31101/ijhst.v6i1.3720

Keywords:

Maternal fetal attachment, Pregnancy, Primigravida

Abstract

Maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) makes an essential contribution to maternal and fetal health and influences the adoption of a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy. Mothers who have a strong MFA tend to have healthy behaviors and give birth to healthy babies. Mothers who feel emotionally connected to their fetus tend to be more motivated to take care of their own health. They realize that their health directly affects the health of the developing baby. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of maternal-fetal attachment in primigravida in the third trimester. The quantitative descriptive research method was used with 85 primigravida mothers who have met the inclusion criteria (third-trimester primigravida; no complications during pregnancy, self-examination at the Sleman regional public health centre) and have participated in this study. The Indonesian version of the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) questionnaire is used to review maternal-fetal attachments in a face-to-face interview. The results of the study provide an overview of the fact that most primigravida mothers in the third trimester have high maternal-fetal attachment scores. In addition, effective information communication and education for pregnant women were identified as factors that contributed to the level of maternal-fetal attachment. Effective maternal-fetal attachment-related programs in the education of new-reproductive couples are needed to be developed and implemented by health workers, including by midwives.

References

Abasi, E., Borghei, N., Farjamfar, M., Goli, S., & Keramat, A. (2022). Mothers’ Experiences of Husband’s Involvement in Maternal Fetal Attachment: A Qualitative Study. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, In Press. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs.119140

AlAmri, N., & Smith, V. (2021). The effect of formal fetal movement counting on maternal psychological outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Midwifery, 6, 10. https://doi.org/10.18332/ejm/145789

Alan Dikmen, H., & Tetikçok, C. O. (2023). The effect of physical and emotional partner violence exerted during pregnancy on prenatal attachment and depression levels in pregnant women. Developmental Psychobiology, 65(7), e22429. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.22429

Anjarwati, A., & Suryaningsih, E. K. (2021). The Relationship between Pregnancy-related Anxiety and Maternal-fetal Attachment among Primigravida. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9(G), Article G. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6586

Barone, L., Lionetti, F., & Dellagiulia, A. (2014). Maternal-fetal attachment and its correlates in a sample of Italian women: A study using the Prenatal Attachment Inventory. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 32(3), 230–239. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2014.883596

Benzie, R. J., Starcevic, V., Viswasam, K., Kennedy, N. j., Mein, B. j., Wye, D. a., & Martin, A. (2018). Effect of three- vs four-dimensional ultrasonography on maternal attachment. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 51(4), 558–559. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17567

Canlı, A., & Demirtaş, B. (2022). Prenatal Attachment and the Relationship With Body Self-Perception. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing: JOGNN, 51(1), e1–e12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2021.09.003

Čėsnaitė, G., Domža, G., Ramašauskaitė, D., Volochovič, J., & Bužinskienė, D. (2019). Factors affecting the maternal-foetal relationship. Acta Medica Lituanica, 26(2), 118–124. https://doi.org/10.6001/actamedica.v26i2.4032

Copeland, D. B., & Harbaugh, B. L. (2019). “It’s Hard Being a Mama”: Validation of the Maternal Distress Concept in Becoming a Mother. The Journal of Perinatal Education, 28(1), 28–42. https://doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.28.1.28

da Rosa, K. M., Scholl, C. C., Ferreira, L. A., Trettim, J. P., da Cunha, G. K., Rubin, B. B., Martins, R. da L., Motta, J. V. dos S., Fogaça, T. B., Ghisleni, G., Pinheiro, K. A. T., Pinheiro, R. T., Quevedo, L. de A., & de Matos, M. B. (2021). Maternal-fetal attachment and perceived parental bonds of pregnant women. Early Human Development, 154, 105310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2021.105310

Daglar, G., & Nur, N. (2018). Level of mother-baby bonding and influencing factors during pregnancy and postpartum period. Psychiatria Danubina, 30(4), 433–440. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2018.433

Delaram, M., Jafar-Zadeh, L., & Shams, S. (2018). The Effects of Fetal Movements Counting on Maternal-Fetal attachment: a randomised Controlled trial. Journal Of Clinical And Diagnostic Research. https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2018/30819.11562

Delavari, M., Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, S., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2018). The Relationship of Maternal-Fetal Attachment and Postpartum Depression: A Longitudinal Study. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 32(2), 263–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2017.11.013

Fallon, V., Davies, S. M., Silverio, S., & Creagh, L. (2024). Virtual reality interventions designed to support parents during and throughout the first year after birth: A scoping review. Digital Health, 10, 20552076241245372. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241245373

Gioia, M. C., Cerasa, A., Muggeo, V. M. R., Tonin, P., Cajiao, J., Aloi, A., Martino, I., Tenuta, F., Costabile, A., & Craig, F. (2023). The relationship between maternal-fetus attachment and perceived parental bonds in pregnant women: Considering a possible mediating role of psychological distress. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1095030. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1095030

Gonzales, A. M., & Barcelo, T. I. (2023). Quality of prenatal care and maternal fetal attachment among primigravid mothers in the Philippines: A cross sectional study. Midwifery, 127, 103842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2023.103842

Güney, E., & Uçar, T. (2019). Effect of the fetal movement count on maternal-fetal attachment. Japan Journal of Nursing Science: JJNS, 16(1), 71–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/jjns.12214

Hajesmaeel Gohari, S., Sarpourian, F., & Shafiei, E. (2021). Virtual reality applications to assist pregnant women: A scoping review. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21, 249. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03725-5

Hassan, N. M., & Hassan, F. (2017). Predictors of Maternal Fetal Attachment among Pregnant Women. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 6, 95–106. https://doi.org/10.9790/1959-06010695106

Hassan, S. A. M., Khedr, N. F. H., & El, H. E.-S. M. (2021). Factors affecting the maternal-fetal attachment during pregnancy. Mansoura Nursing Journal (MNJ), 8.

Hyysalo, N., Gastelle, M., & Flykt, M. (2022). Maternal pre- and postnatal substance use and attachment in young children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Development and Psychopathology, 34(4), 1231–1248. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421000134

Jussila, H., Pelto, J., Korja, R., Ekholm, E., Pajulo, M., Karlsson, L., & Karlsson, H. (2020). The association of maternal-fetal attachment with smoking and smoking cessation during pregnancy in The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 741. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03393-x

Kartal, Z., & Kocataş, S. (2023). Comparison of Prenatal Attachment Levels in Smoking and Non-Smoking Pregnant Women. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 24(4), 514–527. https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.1265495

Lahti, M., Savolainen, K., Tuovinen, S., Pesonen, A.-K., Lahti, J., Heinonen, K., Hämäläinen, E., Laivuori, H., Villa, P. M., Reynolds, R. M., Kajantie, E., & Räikkönen, K. (2017). Maternal Depressive Symptoms During and After Pregnancy and Psychiatric Problems in Children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(1), 30-39.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.007

Lai, J., Nowlan, N. C., Vaidyanathan, R., Shaw, C. J., & Lees, C. C. (2016). Fetal movements as a predictor of health. Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 95(9), 968–975. https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12944

Lee, K.-N., Kim, H. J., Choe, K., Cho, A., Kim, B., Seo, J., Myung, W., Park, J. Y., & Oh, K. J. (2023). Effects of Fetal Images Produced in Virtual Reality on Maternal-Fetal Attachment: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25(1), e43634. https://doi.org/10.2196/43634

Maddahi, M. S., Dolatian, M., khoramabadi, M., & Talebi, A. (2016). Correlation of maternal-fetal attachment and health practices during pregnancy with neonatal outcomes. Electronic Physician, 8(7), 2639–2644. https://doi.org/10.19082/2639

Magee, S. R., Bublitz, M. H., Orazine, C., Brush, B., Salisbury, A., Niaura, R., & Stroud, L. R. (2014). The relationship between maternal-fetal attachment and cigarette smoking over pregnancy. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 18(4), 1017–1022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-013-1330-x

Massey, S., Bublitz, M., Magee, S., Salisbury, A., Niaura, R., Wakschlag, L., & Stroud, L. (2015). Maternal-Fetal Attachment Differentiates Patterns of Prenatal Smoking and Exposure. Addictive Behaviors, 45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.01.028

Matthies, L. M., Müller, M., Doster, A., Sohn, C., Wallwiener, M., Reck, C., & Wallwiener, S. (2020). Maternal-fetal attachment protects against postpartum anxiety: The mediating role of postpartum bonding and partnership satisfaction. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 301(1), 107–117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-019-05402-7

McNamara, J., Townsend, M. L., & Herbert, J. S. (2019). A systemic review of maternal wellbeing and its relationship with maternal fetal attachment and early postpartum bonding. PloS One, 14(7), e0220032. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220032

Mesgarzadeh, M., Rabeipour, S., & Faraji, S. (2020). The Effect of Fetal Movement Counting on the Maternal-Fetal Attachment in Primiparous Women Referred to the Social Security Therapeutic Centers of Urmia in 2017. Nursing And Midwifery Journal, 17(10), 810–817.

Mohapatra, S., B. Gomathi, & Nayak, D. (2021). Effect of Fetal Movement Count Training (FMCT) on Prenatal Bonding and Maternal Anxiety among Primigravida Women. International Journal of Nursing Education, 13(3), 119–124. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijone.v13i3.16322

Mokoginta, S. V., Dwiarini, M., Wijayanti, I., Lestari, P., & Pham, N. T. (2023). Prenatal Attachment Relationship with Pregnant Women’s Compliance in Carrying Out Antenatal Care Visits. Jurnal Kebidanan Dan Keperawatan Aisyiyah, 19(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.31101/jkk.3565

Naaz, A., & Muneshwar, K. N. (2023). How Maternal Nutritional and Mental Health Affects Child Health During Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. Cureus, 15(11), e48763. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.48763

Newman, L., Judd, F., Olsson, C. A., Castle, D., Bousman, C., Sheehan, P., Pantelis, C., Craig, J. M., Komiti, A., & Everall, I. (2016). Early origins of mental disorder—Risk factors in the perinatal and infant period. BMC Psychiatry, 16(1), 270. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0982-7

Pasricha, M., Kochhar, S., Shah, A., & Bhatia, A. (2021). Sense of Coherence, Social Support, Maternal-Fetal Attachment, and Antenatal Mental Health: A Survey of Expecting Mothers in Urban India. Frontiers in Global Women’s Health, 2, 714182. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgwh.2021.714182

Petri, E., Palagini, L., Bacci, O., Borri, C., Teristi, V., Corezzi, C., Faraoni, S., Antonelli, P., Cargioli, C., Banti, S., Perugi, G., & Mauri, M. (2018). Maternal-foetal attachment independently predicts the quality of maternal-infant bonding and post-partum psychopathology. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine: The Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 31(23), 3153–3159. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1365130

Purwati, Y., Pramono, N., Hakimi, M., & Anggorowati, A. (2023). Husband’s Support, Anxiety and Maternal-Fetal Attachment in Pregnant Women: A Scoping Review. Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 8(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v8i2.1828

Purwati, Y., Wahyuntari, E., & Subrata, A. C. (2023). F-KiCo (Fetal-Kick Count) Innovation Needs Analysis for Monitoring Fetal Well-Being and Maternal-Fetal Attachment. Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 8(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v8i4.2320

Salehi, K., Salehi, Z., & Shaali, M. (2017). The Effect of Education of Fetal Movement Counting on Maternal-Fetal Attachment in the Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. International Journal of Pediatrics, 5(4), 4699–4706. https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.21795.1820

Shahmoradi, S., & Danesh, F. (2020). Maternal Attachment to the Fetus: Definitions, Factors, and Consequences: a Review Article. Nursing And Midwifery Journal, 18(7), 578–586. https://doi.org/10.29252/unmf.18.7.578

Shen, W.-C., & Chen, C.-H. (2021). Effects of non-supervised aerobic exercise on sleep quality and maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 57, 102671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102671

Su, Q., Zhang, H., Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Ding, D., Zeng, J., Zhu, Z., & Li, H. (2015). Maternal Stress in Gestation: Birth Outcomes and Stress-Related Hormone Response of the Neonates. Pediatrics and Neonatology, 56(6), 376–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2015.02.002

Suryaningsih, E. K., Gau, M.-L., Kao, C.-H., & Lee, T.-T. (2021a). Translation and Validation of the Indonesia Version of Prenatal Attachment Inventory: A Preliminary Study.

Suryaningsih, E. K., Gau, M.-L., Kao, C.-H., & Lee, T.-T. (2021b). Translation and Validation of the Indonesia Version of Prenatal Attachment Inventory: A Preliminary Study. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 14(1), 1–543.

Suryaningsih, E. K., Gau, M.-L., & Wantonoro, W. (2020). Concept Analysis of Maternal-Fetal Attachment. Belitung Nursing Journal, 6(5), 157–164. https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.1194

Taffazoli, M., Montakhab Asadi, M., Aminyazdi, S. A., & Shakeri, M. T. (2015). The Relationship between Maternal-Fetal Attachment and Mother-Infant Attachment Behaviors in Primiparous Women Referring to Mashhad Health Care Centers. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, 3(2), 318–327. https://doi.org/10.22038/jmrh.2015.3949

Testouri, F., Hamza, M., Amor, A. B., Barhoumi, M., Fakhfakh, R., Triki, A., & Belhadj, A. (2023). Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in At-Risk Pregnancy: Influence on Maternal-Fetal Attachment in Tunisia. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 27(11), 2008–2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03736-y

Ulu, P. G., & Bayraktar, S. (2018, April 1). Investigation of Variables Related to Prenatal Bonding Levels in Pregnant Women. | Yeni Symposium | EBSCOhost. https://doi.org/10.5455/NYS.20180629015333

Venkatesan, M., Mohan, H., Ryan, J. R., Schürch, C. M., Nolan, G. P., Frakes, D. H., & Coskun, A. F. (2021). Virtual and augmented reality for biomedical applications. Cell Reports Medicine, 2(7), 100348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100348

Wilson-Mitchell, K., Bennett, J., & Stennett, R. (2014). Psychological health and life experiences of pregnant adolescent mothers in Jamaica. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(5), 4729–4744. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110504729

Yoon, S.-H., & Sung, M.-H. (2021). Does family support mediate the effect of anxiety and depression on maternal-fetal attachment in high-risk pregnant women admitted to the maternal-fetal intensive care unit? Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing, 27(2), 104–112. https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2021.05.14

Yu, M., & Kim, M. (2014). The Contribution of Maternal-Fetal Attachment: Taegyo, Maternal Fatigue and Social Support during Pregnancy. Child Health Nursing Research, 20, 247. https://doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2014.20.4.247