Factors affecting the failure of exclusive breastfeeding practice: a scoping review

Authors

  • Sulasmi Sulasmi Universitas 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9962-0979
  • Mufdlilah Mufdlilah Universitas 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Luluk Rosyida Universitas 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31101/jhtam.2093

Keywords:

Failure, Exclusive Breastfeeding

Abstract

Background:  In some countries, exclusive breastfeeding is practiced in a limited number of cases and for a short period of time; on an international scale in 2012, only 39% of six-month-old babies were exclusively breastfed. This breastfeeding rate falls short of the World Health Organization's recommended threshold (WHO). According to WHO, to reach the global level by 2025, which is 50% of mothers must exclusively breastfeed for 6 months after giving birth, a strategy must be developed to encourage and facilitate the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding. So, it is hoped that with the target set by WHO, mothers can give breast milk exclusively to their babies for 6 months optimally. Exclusive breastfeeding (ASI) is the ideal nutrition for babies in the first 6 months of life, with continued breastfeeding being recommended for up to 2 years of age. The health benefits of self-feeding are dose dependent, and infants with longer periods of exclusive breastfeeding have better health outcomes. The benefits of breastfeeding are dose dependent, and children have better health outcomes when they are breastfeeding exclusively for longer periods of time, but exclusive breastfeeding has not yet reached its aim due to a variety of factors that contribute to failure.Objectives: To identify factors affecting the failure of exclusive breastfeeding practice.Method: The method employed was scoping review, which starts with identifying scoping review questions using the PEO’S framework; selecting relevant articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria; and finally, evaluating the results. utilizing databases such as Pubmed, Willey Online Library, ProQuest, and Google Scholar to conduct literature searches; Select articles with a PRISMA Flowchart that describes the search process; execute data charting and critical appraisal; compile and report results.Result: 10 relevant articles have grade A and grade B out of the 103 items that were selected using confidence. Quantitative and qualitative research were used to create these articles. Several factors that influence the inability of exclusive breastfeeding include education & knowledge, age & parity, nipple pain, workplace, work facilities, workload, support & culture.Conclusion: Internal and external factors influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding, the internal aspects including education and knowledge, age and parity, and nipple pain. Workplace, work facilities, workload, support, and culture all are external factors. The failure of exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by several internal and external factors Therefore, it is hoped that the second factor can be a concern to reduce the incidence of unsuccessful exclusive breastfeeding.

References

Basrowi, Sastroasmoro, Sulistomo, Bardosono, Hendarto, Soemarko, Sungkar, Khoe, & Vandenplas. (2018). Challenges and Supports of Breastfeeding at Workplace in Indonesia. Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, 21(4), 248. https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2018.21.4.248

Demirtas. (2018). Multiparous mothers: Breastfeeding support provided by nurses. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 21(5), 493–504. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12353

Desmond, & Meaney. (2016). A qualitative study investigating the barriers to returning to work for breastfeeding mothers in Ireland. International Breastfeeding Journal, 11(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-016-0075-8

Elyas, Mekasha, Admasie, & Assefa. (2017). Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice and Associated Factors among Mothers Attending Private Pediatric and Child Clinics, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Pediatrics, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8546192

Fox, McMullen, & Newburn. (2015). UK women’s experiences of breastfeeding and additional breastfeeding support: A qualitative study of Baby Café services. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 15(1), 147. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0581-5

Francis, Mildon, Stewart, Underhill, Tarasuk, Ruggiero, Sellen, & O’Connor. (2020). Vulnerable mothers’ experiences breastfeeding with an enhanced community lactation support program. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 16(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12957

Fu, Fong, Heys, Lee, Sham, & Tarrant. (2015). Professional breastfeeding support for first-time mothers: A multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 121(13), 1673–1683.

Garrard. (2020). Health Science Literature Review Made Easy: The Matrix method (sixth). Jones & Barttlet Learning.

Gianni, Bettinelli, Manfra, Sorrentino, Bezze, Plevani, Cavallaro, Raffaeli, Crippa, Colombo, Morniroli, Liotto, Roggero, Villamor,

Marchisio, & Mosca. (2019). Breastfeeding Difficulties and Risk for Early Breastfeeding Cessation. Nutrients, 11(10), 2266. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102266

Gildboy, & Bower. (2011). Depression in Primary Care: Evidence and Practice. Cambridge University Press.

Hashim, Ishak, & Muhammad. (2020). Unsuccessful Exclusive Breastfeeding and Associated Factors among the Healthcare Providers in East Coast, Malaysia. Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 41(6), 416–421. https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.19.0060

Hunegnaw, Gezie, & Teferra. (2017). Exclusive breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers in Gozamin district, northwest Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study. International Breastfeeding Journal, 12(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-017-0121-1

Joseph, & Earland. (2019). A qualitative exploration of the sociocultural determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practices among rural mothers, North West Nigeria. International Breastfeeding Journal, 14(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-019-0231-z

Kakute, Ngum, Mitchell, Kroll, Forgwei, Ngwang, & Meyer. (2015). Cultural Barriers to Exclusive Breastfeeding by Mothers in a Rural Area of Cameroon, Africa. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 50(4), 324–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2005.01.005

Muelbert, & Giugliani. (2018). Factors associated with the maintenance of breastfeeding for 6, 12, and 24 months in adolescent mothers. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 675. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5585-4

Mufdlilah, Johan, & Fitriani. (2018). The Mother’s Perception in Giving Exclusive Breastmilk. Journal of Midwifery Research Indonesia, 2(2), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.32536/jrki.v2i1.23

Purnamasari, & Mufdlilah. (2018). Factors associated with failure of exclusive breastfeeding practice. Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery, 1(1), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.31101/jhtam.443

Tewabe, Mandesh, Gualu, Alem, Mekuria, & Zeleke. (2016). Exclusive breastfeeding practice and associated factors among mothers in Motta town, East Gojjam zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, 2015: A cross-sectional study. International Breastfeeding Journal, 12(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-017-0103-3

The Action Study Team, K., Castro, Lourenço, Augusto, & Cardoso. (2016). Factors Associated with Age at Breastfeeding Cessation in Amazonian Infants: Applying a Proximal–Distal Framework. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 20(7), 1539–1548. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-016-1953-9

Vijayalakshmi, & Susheela. (2015). Knowledge, Attitudes and Breastfeeding Practices of Postnatal Mothers: A Cross Sectional Survey. International Journal of Health Sciences, 9(4), 363–372. https://doi.org/10.12816/0031226

Xiao, Loke, Zhu, Gong, Shi, & Ngai. (2020). “The sweet and the bitterâ€: Mothers’ experiences of breastfeeding in the early postpartum period: a qualitative exploratory study in China. International Breastfeeding Journal, 15(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-020-00256-1

Xuan, & Nhan. (2018). Breastfeeding experiences of working mothers in Vietnam. Belitung Nursing Journal, 4(1), 279–286.

Yate. (2017). A qualitative study on negative emotions triggered by breastfeeding; Describing the phenomenon of breastfeeding/nursing aversion and agitation in breastfeeding mothers. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 2(6), 449. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_235_16

Yeboah, Forkuor, & Agyemang-Duah. (2019). Exclusive breastfeeding practices and associated factors among lactating mothers of infants aged 6–24 months in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. BMC Research Notes, 12(1), 689. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4723-0

Zakarija-Grkovic, I., & Stewart, F. (2020). Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020(9). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006946.pub4

Downloads

Published

2021-11-29

How to Cite

Sulasmi, S., Mufdlilah, M., & Rosyida, L. (2021). Factors affecting the failure of exclusive breastfeeding practice: a scoping review. Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery, 4(2), 117–129. https://doi.org/10.31101/jhtam.2093

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021): November

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

Authors who publish with Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Lisensi Creative Commons
Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License..

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.